钢结构属于建筑业，但同传统的建筑业有着较大的差异，可以说它是建筑业和机械业的交叉行业，是用现代制造业武装起来的建筑业，从而也是建筑业中科技含量*高的行业分支，是建筑业中先进生产力的代表，它与传统建筑业的主要区别也是其具备独特的特点。
The steel structure belongs to the construction industry, but it is quite different from the traditional construction industry. It can be said that it is a cross industry between the construction industry and the machinery industry. It is also a construction industry armed with modern manufacturing industry, thus it is also a branch of the construction industry with high scientific and technological content. It is a representative of the advanced productivity in the construction industry. Its main difference from the traditional construction industry is that it has unique characteristics.
一、材料方面。传统建筑业主要用土木，以土为原料制成砖瓦，以煅烧石灰石生产石灰，利用砂石和水泥配制混凝土，利用钢筋和混凝土制成钢筋混凝土构件；而钢结构的材料，不像传统建筑业采用大量的地方材料，而是由现代冶金业提供的各类钢材、铝材以及各种合金，都是现代工业的产品。还有各类焊剂和现代化工生产的各种涂装材料、塑料、粘结剂等。钢构材料标准精确，检验要求高，储存、运输、加工条件严格，大多需要机械化操作。
1、 Materials. The traditional construction industry mainly uses civil engineering to make bricks and tiles with soil as raw material, uses calcined limestone to produce lime, uses sand and cement to prepare concrete, and uses steel and concrete to make reinforced concrete components; The materials of steel structure, unlike a large number of local materials used in the traditional construction industry, are all products of modern industry, such as steel, aluminum and various alloys provided by the modern metallurgical industry. There are also various welding fluxes and various coating materials, plastics and adhesives produced by modern chemical industry. Steel structure materials have accurate standards, high inspection requirements, strict storage, transportation and processing conditions, and most of them require mechanized operation.
二、结构制作安装。基本在工厂制作，运*现场后安装，通过焊接或栓接完成主体结构。由于在工厂制作，可以利用现代制作业的各种加工手段包括焊接、栓接、铸钢、热弯冷弯、热轧冷轧等，可以利用各种检测手段包括理化试验、超声探伤、射线探伤、磁粉探伤等，使加工的构件更精确，质量更有保证。
2、 Structure fabrication and installation. It is basically manufactured in the factory, transported to the site and installed, and the main structure is completed by welding or bolting. Since it is manufactured in the factory, various processing methods of modern manufacturing industry can be used, including welding, bolting, cast steel, hot bending and cold bending, hot rolling and cold rolling, and various detection methods can be used, including physical and chemical testing, ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, magnetic particle testing, etc., to make the processed components more accurate and quality more guaranteed.
三、度量要求高。一般土建尺寸误差以厘米计，而钢结构则以毫米计，如果达不到要求，就不可能顺利安装，强制安装也会产生巨大的初应力，给结构带来隐患。
3、 High measurement requirements. Generally, the size error of civil engineering is measured in centimeters, while that of steel structure is measured in millimeters. If it fails to meet the requirements, it will not be possible to install successfully. Forced installation will also produce huge initial stress, which will bring hidden dangers to the structure.
四、结构涉及材料科学。各种加工技术，各种检测技术，各种组装技术，焊接技术如激光焊、高频焊、电渣焊、气体保护焊等，无不和现代科学相联系。钢结构是精密结构，现代建筑不仅是简单的三维，还要考虑多个方向的联接，需要数控机床，需要计算机联网操作，为此员工素质要求高，要掌握一定的专业技术知识和具备一定的操作技能。
4、 Structure involves material science. All kinds of processing technology, inspection technology, assembly technology and welding technology, such as laser welding, high-frequency welding, electroslag welding, gas shielded welding, are all connected with modern science. The steel structure is a precision structure. Modern architecture is not only a simple three-dimensional structure, but also a multi-directional connection. It requires numerical control machine tools and computer network operation. Therefore, the staff should have high quality requirements, master certain professional technical knowledge and have certain operating skills.
五、结构企业要有一支设计队伍。从施工图变成能使车间工人读懂的大样详图，需要深化设计，设计人员就不可缺少。一般建筑企业主要是钢筋翻样，钢筋工中级别较高的师傅可以承担这一工作，因此基本没有专职的设计人员。而钢构企业则需要专职的设计师，钢结构企业还要有一支检测队伍，对原材料进行理化复验，保证原材料的质量符合规范和设计要求，对焊缝进行探伤，保证焊缝质量能达到规范和设计的要求，因此还得建立自己的理化试验室，否则得外委进行相关的检测工作。
5、 Structural enterprises should have a design team. From construction drawings to detailed drawings that can be read by workshop workers, it is necessary to deepen the design, and designers are indispensable. Generally, construction enterprises are mainly engaged in steel bar lofting, and the senior steel bar workers can undertake this work, so there are basically no full-time designers. Steel structure enterprises need full-time designers, and steel structure enterprises also need a testing team to conduct physical and chemical re-inspection of raw materials, ensure that the quality of raw materials meets the specifications and design requirements, conduct flaw detection of welds, and ensure that the quality of welds can meet the requirements of specifications and design. Therefore, they also need to establish their own physical and chemical laboratory, otherwise they have to outsource the relevant testing work.