钢结构工程施工管理 1.1 制定详细施工组织设计。要加强两个方面的控制：一是制定施工方案时，必须进行技术经济分析和比较，力争在保证质量的前提下，缩短工期，降低成本；二是制定施工进度时，必须考虑施工工艺和施工顺序能否保证工程质量。可以说，施工组织设计是施工单位全面指导工程实施的技术性文件，每个工程都有其特殊性，施工组织设计编制的完善程度直接影响工程的质量进度。工程施工前要重点掌握的内容有：（1）质量保证体系和技术管理体系的建立。（2）特殊工程的培训。（3）新工艺的应用。（4）工程项目的针对性。（5）质量、进度控制的措施和方法。（6）施工计划（工期）的安排。1.2 安装质量的控制。钢结构的安装质量直接影响到工程质量，因此安装人员须仔细阅读施工图，认真计算工程量，作出工程进度计划并编制钢结构工程各工种的施工组织设计，作为钢结构安装指导性文件，施工前首先需对各种安装机械进行调试和检测，如扭剪型高强螺栓电动扳手的校验，高强度螺栓及磨擦面抗滑移系数的现场试验，栓钉焊接工艺参数的确定（穿透焊、非穿透焊），现场气体保护焊接速度及工艺控制等，其次会同监理对进场的各构件进行质量检测，在吊装前再对各构件变形、几何尺寸、孔位及偏差作详细的检查并作好记录，及时将有关质量问题反馈给制作厂，做到有问定网站建设 伺服液位仪 防撞墙模具 唐山护栏 遮阳网 风电基础模具题的构件决不安装，以确保工程质量，消除安全隐患。 1.3 焊接质量的控制。钢结构工程的工地焊接和现场安装占一半以上的工程量，焊接质量不过关除引起安全隐患外，还会产生过大的变形及残余应力，严重影响钢结构工程质量。在施焊前需对整个工程的结构进行认真研究，充分理解，结合焊接力学的特点进行焊接顺序设计，采用结构对称、节点对称、全方位对称焊接，先焊钢梁，后焊钢柱，对于梁的焊接要先焊顶层粱，且先焊梁一端，再焊梁的另一端，严禁两端同时焊接，柱的焊接过程在同一节点要两个人同时分别从对称的两面柱边100～150mm处转圈焊。对整个框架而言，柱、梁刚性接头的焊接顺序从整个的刚度中心开始，先形成框架，而后向外扩展继续施焊，以最大限度地减少残余应力及变形。柱与梁的焊接，对梁而言，应采取相隔一梁进行焊接，避免梁的两端同时焊接受热，在梁中产生较大的收缩应力。当一节柱有三层时应先焊磺梁，再焊底梁，最后焊中间梁，以确保柱的垂直度。对柱而言，应在柱的两侧同时对称焊接，柱与柱的焊接要采用两名或四名焊工对称转圈焊接
Construction management of steel Structural engineering 1.1 Develop detailed construction organization design. To strengthen control in two aspects: firstly, when formulating construction plans, it is necessary to conduct technical and economic analysis and comparison, striving to shorten the construction period and reduce costs while ensuring quality; Secondly, when formulating the construction schedule, it is necessary to consider whether the construction process and sequence can ensure the quality of the project. It can be said that construction organization design is a technical document that comprehensively guides the implementation of the project by the construction unit. Each project has its unique characteristics, and the completeness of the construction organization design directly affects the quality and progress of the project. The key points to master before construction include: (1) establishing a quality assurance system and a technical management system. (2) Special engineering training. (3) The application of new processes. (4) Targeted engineering projects. (5) Measures and methods for quality and progress control. (6) Arrangement of construction plan (duration). 1.2 Control of installation quality. The installation quality of the steel structure directly affects the project quality, so the installation personnel must carefully read the construction drawings, carefully calculate the quantities, make the project schedule and prepare the construction organization design for each type of work of the steel Structural engineering. As a guiding document for the installation of the steel structure, it is necessary to debug and test various installation machinery before construction, such as the calibration of the torsional shear type high-strength bolt electric wrench, On site testing of high-strength bolts and friction surface anti slip coefficient, determination of bolt welding process parameters (penetration welding, non penetration welding), on-site gas shielded welding speed and process control, etc. Next, quality inspection of each component entering the site will be carried out together with the supervisor. Before lifting, detailed inspection and recording of deformation, geometric dimensions, hole positions and deviations of each component will be conducted, and relevant quality issues will be promptly reported to the manufacturing factory, Ensure that problematic components are never installed to ensure project quality and eliminate safety hazards. 1.3 Control of welding quality. The site welding and on-site installation of steel Structural engineering account for more than half of the engineering quantity, and the welding quality is not good enough to cause safety hazards, but also produce excessive deformation and residual stress, which seriously affects the quality of steel Structural engineering. Before welding, it is necessary to carefully study the structure of the entire project, fully understand it, and design the welding sequence based on the characteristics of welding mechanics. Structural symmetry, node symmetry, and all-round symmetry welding should be used. Steel beams should be welded first, and then steel columns. For beam welding, the top beam should be welded first, and one end of the beam should be welded first, and then the other end of the beam. It is strictly prohibited to weld both ends simultaneously, The welding process of the column requires two people to rotate and weld from the symmetrical sides of the column at a distance of 100-150mm at the same node. For the entire frame, the welding sequence of rigid joints between columns and beams starts from the center of the entire stiffness, forms the frame first, and then extends outward to continue welding to minimize residual stress and deformation. For the welding of columns and beams, welding should be carried out at a distance of one beam to avoid simultaneous welding and heating of both ends of the beam, resulting in significant shrinkage stress in the beam. When a column has three layers, the sulfonic beam should be welded first, then the bottom beam, and finally the middle beam to ensure the verticality of the column. For columns, both sides of the column should be welded symmetrically at the same time, and the welding between columns should be carried out using two or four welders to weld symmetrically in circles