钢结构厂房发展历史
Development History of Steel Structure Factory Buildings
20世纪80年代以来，我国内地已建成及在建的高层钢结构建筑已有40多幢，总面积约320万平方米，用钢量约30万吨，资金约600亿元。在北京、上海、深圳、大连、天津等地形成建设高潮，尤其上海浦东陆家嘴金融区，已建成和建设中的高层钢结构建筑就有12幢，已建成的上海金茂大厦（88层，高度达420.5米）及正在施工中的环球金融大厦使中国的高层建筑进入世界的前列。与此相应的高层钢结构的科学研究、设计与各项配套的施工方面均取得了较大进展，一大批建工、造船、冶金、电力、铁道系统的金属结构厂和上海、北京及中建系统的机械化施工公司等，在钢结构制作和安装方面都达到了较高的水平。
Since the 1980s, there have been over 40 high-rise steel structure buildings built and under construction in mainland China, with a total area of about 3.2 million square meters, a steel consumption of about 300000 tons, and a capital of about 60 billion yuan. A construction boom has formed in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Dalian, Tianjin, and other places, especially in the Lujiazui Financial District of Pudong, Shanghai. There are 12 high-rise steel structure buildings that have been built or are under construction. The Shanghai Jinmao Tower (88 floors, with a height of 420.5 meters) and the ongoing construction of the Global Financial Building have put China's high-rise buildings at the forefront of the world. Corresponding to this, significant progress has been made in the scientific research, design, and construction of high-rise steel structures. A large number of metal structure factories in construction, shipbuilding, metallurgy, power, and railway systems, as well as mechanized construction companies in Shanghai, Beijing, and China Construction Corporation, have achieved high levels of steel structure production and installation.
近年来，以网架和钢结构厂房为代表的空间结构也继续大量发展。该结构的特点是受力合理、刚度大、重量轻、杆件单一、制作安装方便，可满足跨度大、空间高、建筑形式多样的要求。它不仅用于一般民用建筑，而且用于工业厂房、机库、候机楼、体育场馆、展览中心等。如天津无缝钢管厂、首都机场维修库、天津体育馆、上海体育馆跨度都达到七八十米。扬州第二发电厂干焊棚采有用100多米跨度的网架或网壳已有多座。而云南玉溪卷烟厂连片网架厂房达到12万平方米，空间网格结构又富于造型的变化，如宜春体育场的飞蝶型网壳、威海体育馆的贝壳型网壳，以及海南大佛的多层多跨网架都属此例。应该说，网架与网壳仍是当前我国空间结构建设的主流，一批航站楼、会议展览中心、体育场馆开始采用短型管、圆钢管制作空间桁架、拱架及斜拉网架结构，另外，波浪形屋面已引起人们的关注。
In recent years, spatial structures represented by grid structures and steel structure factories have also continued to develop significantly. The characteristics of this structure are reasonable stress, high stiffness, light weight, single member, convenient production and installation, which can meet the requirements of large span, high space, and diverse building forms. It is not only used in general civil buildings, but also in industrial factories, hangars, terminal buildings, sports venues, exhibition centers, etc. For example, Tianjin Seamless Steel Pipe Factory, Capital Airport Maintenance Depot, Tianjin Gymnasium, and Shanghai Gymnasium all have spans of 70 to 80 meters. There are already multiple grid structures or shells with a span of over 100 meters used for the dry welding shed of Yangzhou Second Power Plant. The continuous grid structure of the Yuxi Cigarette Factory in Yunnan has reached 120000 square meters, and the spatial grid structure is rich in changes in shape, such as the butterfly shaped grid shell of Yichun Sports Stadium, the shell shaped grid shell of Weihai Sports Stadium, and the multi-layer and multi-span grid structure of Hainan Giant Buddha. It should be said that space truss and reticulated shell are still the mainstream of the current space structure construction in China. A number of terminals, convention and exhibition centers, and sports venues have begun to use short tubes and round steel tubes to make space truss, arch truss, and cable-stayed space truss structures. In addition, wavy roofs have attracted people's attention.